From adding antioxidants to your diet to lavishly spending on laser skin resurfacing, skin-conscious people have a myriad of ways to achieve smooth, glowing, healthy skin.
Among the most effective procedures is exfoliation, and this helps to improve the texture and tone of the skin. In addition, it is a method that can be easily applied at home. However, some people tend to overdo it and either exfoliate their skin too often or choose the wrong method for their skin type. To make sure you exfoliate your face correctly, read the article below and follow the recommendations presented.
Contents:
1. Facial exfoliation - what is it and how many methods are there
1.1. Chemical exfoliation
1.2. Mechanical exfoliation
1.3. The benefits of exfoliation
2. Exfoliation of the face - what are the stages and how to do it correctly at home
2.1. Exfoliation for normal skin
2.2. Exfoliation for oily skin
2.3. Exfoliation for sensitive and acne-prone skin
2.4. Exfoliation for dry skin
3. Facial exfoliation - the advantages of chemical exfoliation
4. Facial exfoliation - what not to do in this step of the routine
1. Facial exfoliation - what is it and how many methods are there
Skin exfoliation is the process by which dead cells are removed from its outer layer with the help of an exfoliant. These cells appear because the skin is constantly repairing and replacing itself. By removing this residue, your skin will look healthier and brighter.
In addition to the benefit of good-looking skin, exfoliation can also improve skin health. A skin full of dead cells does not allow care products to penetrate into the deeper layers and have their effect. By removing the superficial layer, you can more easily apply topical treatments that will be able to make a difference in the depth of the skin.
If you have acne-prone skin, the exfoliation step will help you clear the blocked pores that most often cause breakouts that create discomfort and marks. In addition, exfoliation leads to faster fading of scars that appear on acne skin, because it accelerates cell transformation and stimulates collagen production.
Depending on the nature of the exfoliant you use, this process can be chemical or mechanical. Here's what each of these methods entails.
1.1. Chemical exfoliation
By applying special chemical solutions to the skin that can penetrate the deeper layers of the skin and remove excess sebum as well as impurities, chemical exfoliation is achieved. The two main classes of chemical exfoliants are alpha hydroxy acids (AHA) and beta hydroxy acids (BHA) .
Those in the first category, AHAs, are suitable for dry skin exfoliation , because they have the ability to remove those substances that bind the cells to the dead skin layer. They are derived from natural substances and have the property of being soluble in water. Unlike BHA, they cannot penetrate very deep into the pores.
The second category, BHA, refers to acids that are soluble in oil and have the property of penetrating deep into the skin. Among their qualities are anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. BHA acids are ideal for oily, blemish-prone and acne-prone skin. They exfoliate at a deep level and combat the appearance of these problems.
Fortunately, you can benefit from the advantages of chemical exfoliation not only at beauty salons, but also at home, applying specialized dermato-cosmetic products: masks, toners, gels, creams and serums.
1.2. Mechanical exfoliation
Unlike chemical exfoliation, mechanical exfoliation is the use of products with a surface or consisting of abrasive particles to remove dead cells. It is necessary that the skin is clean, and the exfoliation takes place through a firm but non-aggressive massage on the skin. It is ideal to perform circular movements for one minute at low speed.
Among the products most often used are exfoliating scrubs and gels, face brushes or wet towels. Some people also use recipes for scrubs made at home, from ingredients present in any household, but using them presents certain disadvantages.
1.3. The benefits of exfoliation
If you still have doubts about the importance of this care process, you need to know the reasons why you should exfoliate regularly.
Increases shine
The skin naturally renews itself every 28 days and brings new, healthy and glowing cells to the surface. As you get older, this process slows down and debris starts to build up, leaving your skin looking dull, rough and dry. Exfoliation removes impurities and dead cells by breaking bonds so new ones can better surface.
Unclogs pores
Exfoliation removes dirt and debris from pores more effectively than cleanser. Clean pores have a minimized appearance and the risk of breakouts decreases.
Prepares the skin for treatments
Dull, dry skin can be an impenetrable barrier between skincare products and the deeper layers of the skin, preventing the full absorption of beneficial ingredients. When dead and dry cells are removed and pores are cleaned, the skin can absorb what you apply to its surface and you enjoy maximum benefits.
Smoothes the skin and reduces discoloration
Exfoliation has a smoothing effect by removing dead skin cells, which helps even skin texture and minimize the appearance of discoloration.
It allows a good application of makeup
The smoother the skin, the better the final result of the makeup will look. By removing flaky patches, your foundation will be less prone to patchy, patchy or settling into fine lines. 
2. Exfoliation of the face - what are the stages and how to do it correctly at home
The desired results from exfoliation occur if you introduce this step into your skin care routine in the right way. Here's what you need to pay attention to.
When you use a mechanical exfoliator , you start by cleansing your face with a cleanser and then with a cleansing solution. Afterwards, apply a moderate amount of the scrub to the skin, using circular motions and be careful to avoid the sensitive eye area. Gently massage the product into the skin, following the instructions on the package. Typically, this stage should last between 30 seconds and 1 minute.
Then, remove the product by rinsing the skin with lukewarm water and patting the skin with a clean towel. Make sure you nourish your skin afterwards with moisturizing products : creams , masks or serums.
If using a chemical exfoliant , the cleansing process should follow the same steps described previously. Using a cloth or cotton pad, apply a small amount of scrub to the face, neck and décolleté. Give the product a few minutes to produce its effects, being completely absorbed into the skin. Always check the manufacturer's recommendations. Then you can move on to the next step in your care routine.
After you have finished applying other care products, don't forget to apply sunscreen , because exfoliation leaves the skin sensitive and vulnerable to ultraviolet rays. This step is necessary during the day. Otherwise, you will notice that the skin becomes irritated and spots or other complications may appear.
How often should the skin be exfoliated?
Keep in mind that this process should be done one to three times a week, and for good reason. Excessive exfoliation, especially mechanical exfoliation, can cause microabrasions on the skin's surface and damage the skin's protective barrier.
If the skin is affected by inflammatory acne, rosacea or is hypersensitive, be sure to ask your dermatologist for advice on the method of exfoliation and its frequency.
2.1. Exfoliation for normal skin
For uncomplicated skin, you are free to choose any exfoliation method as long as you follow the general recommendations. Both manual and chemical exfoliation are safe for your skin. Test what works best for your skin and you will discover the right solution.
2.2. Exfoliation for oily skin
Oily or thicker skin can benefit from manual brushing and exfoliation. Such skin can have an extra layer where residue accumulates, and mechanical exfoliation can help remove it. Use an exfoliator or scrub and make sure to apply gently for best results.
2.3. Exfoliation for sensitive skin and acneic
Sensitive skin suffers from mechanical exfoliation, so avoid rubbing with scrubs or brushes. Otherwise, the skin will be irritated and redness will appear. Use a gentle chemical exfoliant and provide UV protection. If you suffer from acne, consult a doctor about the possibility of a professional peel.
2.4. Exfoliation for dry skin
Dry or flaky skin also benefits from exfoliation. Avoid mechanical methods because they will dry the skin even more and can lead to the appearance of microabrasions. The most effective method is the application of AHA acids. Glycolic acid helps remove dead cells. Continue skin care with moisturizer and sunscreen as skin will be sensitive to the sun.
3. Facial exfoliation - the advantages of chemical exfoliation
Although it is tempting to resort to mechanical exfoliation, using ingredients you have at home, such as brown sugar or coffee, you must know that chemical methods have undeniable advantages.
They are more efficient
You may feel like physical exfoliation does a better job, but that's probably because you're putting in more effort. When it comes to chemical methods, you will complete the process much faster. In addition, they are more effective. Hydroxyacids, like salicylic and glycolic, have the ability to penetrate the skin for deeper exfoliation.
They are suitable for all skin types
When you think about chemical peels, especially acid peels, it can seem like a scary process. But you don't have to be afraid, because these products are very safe, especially if you choose trusted brands. Enzyme exfoliants are effective but not as strong as acids, so they're ideal for sensitive skin. Salicylic acid is very effective for oily, acne-prone skin, and combination skin can benefit from a AHA acid , which controls oil production. In addition, you avoid the risk of excessively rubbing the surface of the skin.
They are moisturizing
You probably also want smooth, dewy skin, and to achieve this effect, hydration is key. Skin that is not hydrated enough will become dry and flaky. Dry cells on the surface will not reflect light, and the skin takes on an unhealthy and rough appearance. Chemical exfoliants containing AHAs are water-soluble and do not strip the skin of its natural oils, allowing it to retain its optimal level of hydration.
They have faster effects
a myth about physical exfoliation is that it has instant results. In reality, the process takes a long time and you have to be patient and consistent to see it work. This is another advantage of chemical exfoliation over physical exfoliation. AHAs work to speed up cell renewal and the skin can reveal new, youthful layers faster.
4. Facial exfoliation - what not to do in this step of the routine
Even though it is a good skin care method, there are a number of mistakes that can creep in at this stage. Here's what to avoid in this regard.
Exfoliation too harsh
Even though this procedure is the solution to get rid of impurities and residues, you need to make sure that you are not applying a treatment that is too harsh on your skin. Excessive exfoliation can break blood vessels in the skin and cause inflammation.
Lack of a routine
Exfoliation works long-term if applied regularly. Otherwise, the results will be delayed.
Using an inappropriate exfoliant
You must take into account the characteristics of your skin when choosing the exfoliation method. Your skin type and any challenges you face will dictate the selection of the appropriate solution.
Your skin is one of the most important elements of your appearance and will influence your self-esteem. Take all the necessary steps, including exfoliation, to enjoy young, fresh skin!