Guide: how does retinol work on your skin?

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Retinol is one of the most studied and effective ingredients in skincare, praised for its ability to stimulate cell regeneration and combat the visible signs of aging. From reducing fine lines and wrinkles and evening skin texture to preventing the appearance of age spots, retinol can transform the appearance of your skin when used correctly. This guide will help you understand how retinol works, what effects it produces, and how to integrate it into your skincare routine for optimal and safe results.

What is retinol and why should you pay attention to it?

Retinol belongs to the family of substances derived from vitamin A. Its parent, retinoic acid, has been used by dermatologists for decades to treat wrinkles, acne and age spots. Retinol is the basis of many cosmetic products due to its action, adapted for daily use. It accelerates the natural regeneration process, supports the healing of minor signs and evens out skin tone. However, results appear when you follow the application steps and choose a product suitable for your skin type.

For those looking to reduce wrinkles, prevent blemishes, or manage occasional acne, retinol can be beneficial. Not all formulas are right for everyone, and individual tolerances remain relevant.

The action of retinol on the skin

The process begins as soon as you apply retinol to your skin. It is gradually converted (through natural skin chemical reactions) into active forms known as retinaldehyde and then retinoic acid. Retinoic acid works at the cellular level and stimulates collagen synthesis, gentle exfoliation of the surface layer, and the appearance of new, healthier cells.

Because the transformation of retinol into retinoic acid occurs progressively, the risk of irritation decreases compared to pharmaceutical products containing retinoic acid directly, but the effects appear over a longer period of time.

How many weeks will you see changes?

Retinol doesn't provide instant results. You'll typically see smoother texture and brighter skin after 6-8 weeks of consistent use. It takes 3-6 months of continuous use to see the disappearance of fine lines and the fading of blemishes.

SEE ALSO: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT USING RETINOL WHILE BREASTFEEDING ?

How do you choose the right retinoid?

Retinoids include several substances with similar structures, each with a different degree of intensity. In pharmacies or stores you can find:

1. Retinol (most commonly present in cosmetic products, with moderate effect and good tolerance)
2. Retinaldehyde (more intense than retinol, but less common)
3. Retinyl palmitate (gentle, slow-acting, recommended for sensitive skin)
4. Medical retinoids (e.g. tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene – potent, require prescription and strict monitoring)

Typically, someone new to retinoids will start with retinol or retinyl palmitate, then increase the strength after a few months. If you have sensitive skin or specific conditions, talk to your dermatologist. Medicinal retinoids can provide fast results, but they also carry a risk of irritation, so they should only be used under supervision.

The proven benefits of retinol

Research and clinical experience show that retinol works effectively for:

• Reduction of fine lines and wrinkles - improves collagen production and keeps skin firm.
• Preventing and reducing acne - normalizes sebum secretion and prevents pore blockage.
• Evens out skin tone - fades pigment spots that appear after sun exposure or acne.
• Improved texture - skin becomes smoother and brighter.

The correct steps for using retinol successfully

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Integrating retinol requires patience and attention. Follow these steps to protect your skin and achieve visible results:

1. Apply retinol only in the evening, on cleansed, makeup-free, and completely dry skin . Use a pea-sized amount, spread over the entire face. Avoid the eye and lip area.
2. Start with a low frequency: once a week for 2 weeks, then gradually increase to two or three weekly applications, unless there are any unpleasant reactions.
3. Avoid combinations with exfoliating acids (AHA, BHA), vitamin C or peptides during the same evening. For details on the correct use of acids, see the guide on glycolic acid and how to use it .
4. Use a suitable moisturizer immediately after the retinol has absorbed and apply daily sunscreen, with a minimum SPF 30. Retinol increases sensitivity to UV radiation.
5. If you notice redness, peeling, itching, or stinging, decrease the frequency of applications , moisturize your skin more intensely, and talk to your dermatologist for adjustments.

Discover a gentle product like Rejuvenate Serum, effective for gradually acclimating your skin to retinol.

Adverse effects and precautions

Retinol has proven effectiveness, but it's not for everyone. The most common side effects include redness, dryness, peeling, or discomfort when touched. The risk increases when you choose high concentrations or overload your routine with exfoliating acids.

Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid retinoids, including the cosmetic versions. During this time, ingredients like vitamin C may be safe alternatives; see Vitamin C for Skin: Benefits and How to Use It .

If you have reactive skin, eczema, rosacea or a history of allergies, seek specialist advice before use. If irritation occurs, discontinue treatment, opt for soothing products and only resume after the discomfort disappears.

Facial moisturizers can help soothe mild reactions and restore your skin's protective barrier.

Useful tips

• Monitor skin reactions carefully. If signs of irritation appear, reduce application and use a suitable moisturizer.
• Seek the advice of a dermatologist before introducing retinol if you have sensitive skin, dermatological problems, or plan to undergo a more intense treatment.
• Complete your routine with a high SPF and choose moisturizing products. Combine retinol with other active ingredients (vitamin C, gentle acids or tranexamic acid) for complex results, but gradually introduce lessons into your skincare habits.

This article is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Before making any changes to your routine, we recommend that you talk to your dermatologist or pharmacist, especially if you have a history of sensitivity, chronic conditions, or are using new products. Prevention, regular check-ups, and informed choices support your skin's long-term health.

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